Cybersecurity is a complex and wide societal challenge that impacts all aspects of our current and future lives. Decades ago, cybersecurity only had limited implications for those working on personal computers that got infected with a virus. With the omnipresence of data connectivity and infor-mation and communication systems supporting almost every activity of our day to day lives, cyber-security is a challenge for every sector and organisation and person operating in it. Cybersecurity is not limited to the dangers presented by hackers and scriptkiddies. Nation states and industrial competition, but equally so simple configuration mistakes and errors, can cause a massive effect with sometimes a direct loss of damage, sometimes collateral damage.

The report collects sev-eral insights of cybersecurity on the transport sector, once more underlying the importance of the considerations and attention that need to be paid to it. The report is not intended to be exhaustive, but at least capable of bringing a holistic perspective of the domain of transport as a vertical sector both from the transport world itself and from the cybersecurity perspective. The report should serve as a baseline for further discussion and as a statement to indicate why and where improvements are needed. What we assumed early on is that the transport sector is still lacking significant cyber-security maturity, at a moment where the sector is indicated as of strategic and national importance by the Critical Infrastructure Protection regulations and the Network and Information Security (NIS) Directive - implemented into Member States laws). With this report, the intention is also to indicate that expertise and solutions exist to further improve the level of maturity, to protect national and European interests, identify some clear and present dangers from existing gaps and experiences from other sectors, and provide some policy recommendations coming from industry concerns where self-regulation finds its limitations.

*Report attached*